Types of Cables: Essential Components in Electrical and Communication Systems

by Yuvi K - January 7, 2024

Types of Cables in Electrical and Communication Systems

Cables are essential components in electric and communication systems, transmitting signals across distances for various applications and purposes. As such, cables come in various shapes and sizes, depending on the task and the environment. This article will rank, explain and provide examples of various types of cables used in electrical and communication systems.

Coaxial Cables

Coaxial cables are insulated shielded cables, used in carrying electrical signals with low noise interference. They are composed of an insulated central wire (called a core), that is surrounded by an insulating material. Additionally, a conductive sheath provides an additional layer of protection to prevent signal loss. Coaxial cables come in various sizes and applications, and are widely used for carrying televisions signals, satellite signal, internet and video connections as well as in many industrial settings.

Twisted Pair Cables

Twisted pair cables are composed of two insulated copper conductors which are twisted around each other in pairs. This type of interference resistant cables are used in applications such as digital information signal transmission over telephone lines and local area networks (LAN). They are also used in ethernet (internet) connections, and are preferred in certain applications due to their superior resistance to electromagnetic interference compared to untwisted cables.

Optical Fiber Cables

Optical fiber cables are composed of a core of glass or plastic and are used in transmitting digital signals with low distortion and minimal loss over long distances. They are used in applications such as communications and networking, as well as in medical and scientific equipment. Their ability to carry signals at greater speeds and with minimal interference makes them a great choice for applications with highly sensitive data.

Flexible Cables

Flexible cables are composed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or rubber compounds and are designed to bend and move as required without breaking. They are used in various applications, including appliance wiring, portable tools, speaker cables, and automotive equipment. Due to their flexible nature, they are preferred in some applications due to their improved durability and flexibility.

Armoured Cables

Armoured cables are composed of a series of metal cables (armour) that provide a protective layer between the cable and its environment. These cables can withstand higher physical forces, and provide superior protection against moisture and other elements. Due to their robust construction, armoured cables are frequently used in industrial and marine environments, where external forces such as animals and harsh weather could damage a less robust cable.

Hybrid Cables (हाइब्रिड केबल)

Hybrid cables are cables that are composed of several different cables, combined together in one cable. They are used in applications, such as large-scale power lines where several different cables are needed to properly provide power for a variety of applications. By using a combination of different cables, each designed for its own specific purpose, hybrid cables provide users with a high degree of flexibility and control, making them a great choice for demanding applications.

Summary

As outlined in this article, there are many different types of cables used in electrical and communication systems. Coaxial, twisted pair, optical fiber, flexible, armoured and hybrid cables each have their own unique characteristics, applications and benefits, and are used for different purposes in different settings. Through understanding the types of cables available, users can make an informed decision on which cable is best suited for their application.