Aluminium Hydroxide: Properties and Applications in Chemistry

by Yuvi K - December 24, 2023

What Is Aluminium Hydroxide?

Aluminium Hydroxide (एल्युमिनियम हाइड्रॉक्साइड) is a chemical compound with the formula Al(OH)₃. It is a white, odorless solid and can be used as an antacid or an ingredient in fireproofing agents. It is also a component of some cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Aluminium hydroxide is unstable in water but can be stabilized by the addition of an acid. The product obtained when it is reacted with an acid is known as “alumina.”

Properties of Aluminium Hydroxide

Aluminium Hydroxide is a white insoluble powder with a specific gravity of 2.42 and a pH of 4.5 to 5.5. It is non-toxic, non-hazardous, and non-flammable. Its solubility in water is very low, approximately 0.02g/100ml. Aluminium hydroxide has an ionic charge and is a good electrical insulator. It is also a very strong base and an acid absorber. The thermal stability of aluminium hydroxide is excellent, and it is relatively unaffected by changes in temperature or pressure.

Applications of Aluminium Hydroxide in Chemistry

1. In Medicine

Aluminium Hydroxide is used in medicines as an antacid (क्रियाशक्तिक हाइड्रॉलाइजर) to neutralize stomach acid and relieve symptoms of indigestion such as heartburn and acid reflux. It is also used as an adjunct (सहायक) in the treatment of hyperphosphatemia (हाईफॉस्फेटिमिया) and aluminum toxicity (एल्यूमिनियम टॉक्सिकिटी).

2. In Fireproofing

Aluminium Hydroxide is used as a fireproofing agent in construction. It is an excellent heat insulator and can be used to retard the spread of flames. It is also used in the manufacture of fireproof gloves and clothing, as well as fire retardant paints and coatings.

3. In Cosmetics

Aluminium hydroxide is used as an active ingredient in many cosmetics, including lotions, creams, and moisturizers. It has a temporary skin whitening effect, which can be used to even out skin tone. It is also used in anti-aging creams to reduce wrinkles.

4. In Water Treatment

Aluminium hydroxide is a key component of many wastewater treatment systems. It is used to reduce the level of acidity in water, and is also used to remove heavy metals such as mercury, lead, and cadmium. In addition, it can be used to remove certain organic compounds from water, such as phenols and sulfides.

Conclusion

Aluminium hydroxide is a versatile chemical compound with many practical applications in medicine, fireproofing, cosmetics, and water treatment. Its stability, non-toxicity, non-hazardousness, electrical insulation, and acid-absorbing properties make it a useful and cost-effective material for a wide range of applications.

References:

https://chem.libretexts.org/Core/Analytical_Chemistry/Solutions/Preparation_and_Standardization_of_Solutions/Reagents/Aluminum_Hydroxide

https://www.drugs.com/ppa/aluminum-hydroxide.html

https://www.safewareinc.com/aluminum-hydroxide-fireproofing-value-applications/