Virus vs Worm: Dissecting Digital Threats

by Yuvi K - December 16, 2023

Malicious software, or malware, has been around since the commercialization of the internet. While the term “malware” encapsulates a number of threats, the most common, and potentially destructive, types of malware are viruses and worms. Despite often being used interchangeably, the two threats have distinct characteristics, though an understanding of both is required for proper protection. This article will examine the differences between viruses and worms, as well as offer an overview of how each type of malware spreads, a list of common protective measures, and general advice for effective virus protection.

What is a Virus? (वायरस क्या है?)
A virus is a malicious set of code or a program which, as soon as it is executed, begins to replicate itself by attaching itself to files and programs on the computer. It is called a virus because of its similarities with biological viruses in that it is capable of reproducing itself and spreading to other files and programs. For this reason, it is often called a “self-replicating program”.

A virus can be spread via email, internet downloads, or through the use of removable media such as USB drives. Viruses are designed to cause damage, such as deleting files, corrupting data, and manipulating programs or web applications in order to gain access to private information.

What is a Worm? (वर्म क्या है?)

A worm, on the other hand, is a type of malicious computer program that is designed to replicate itself and spread quickly throughout a computer system or networks. Unlike a virus, a worm does not need to be attached to a file or program in order to replicate itself and spread. It can move independently through a computer system or network, often exploiting security flaws in the system.

Because worms can spread without user intervention, they are often used to launch large-scale attacks on computer networks and can cause widespread damage. The most notable example of a worm is the “Internet worm,” which was the first large-scale attack of its kind.

How do they Spread? (वे कैसे फैलते हैं?)

Virus

A virus is embedded into existing programs or files on a computer system, and (once it is executed) begins to replicate itself by attaching itself to other files or programs. When a user executes an infected file or program, the virus can spread to other files or programs on the computer, or on other computers connected to the same network.

Worm

Unlike a virus, a worm does not require a user to execute a program or file in order for it to spread. Instead, it can spread on its own by exploiting security weaknesses in a computer system or network. Once a worm has breached the security of one computer, it can spread quickly throughout a network.

Table: Difference Between Viruses and Worms

Common Protective Measures to Secure a Computer System (कंप्यूटर सिस्टम को सुरक्षित रखने के लिए सामान्य सुरक्षा उपाय)

Both viruses and worms can be very destructive and often-times difficult to detect. Though it is impossible to guarantee complete security from a virus or worm, there are a few steps which should be taken in order to ensure the safety of a computer system.

• Keep Operating System software and applications up to date: Operating system vendors regularly release patch updates which address security vulnerabilities which could be exploited by viruses or worms.

• Run a reputable antivirus or antimalware program: Though no single method of protection is 100% secure, using an antivirus program paired with current signature databases increases the likelihood of identification and removal of a virus or worm before it is able to cause extensive damage.

• Exercise common sense: Be wary of the links and emails that you open, and avoid downloading programs or files from untrusted sources. Do not open attachments from unfamiliar senders, and if you do, make sure to scan the attachment before opening.

• Limit user privileges: Creating user accounts with limited permissions can help to limit the spread of a virus or worm, as an infected user with limited privileges will not be able to install malicious programs or edit system files.

General Advice for Effective Virus Protection (वायरस सुरक्षा में कार्यरत रहने के लिए सामान्य सलाह)

• Establish a secure backup strategy: Regular backups are the most effective way to ensure the integrity of your system and protect against data loss. Backup your files regularly and make sure to keep copies on removable media as well as cloud storage.

• Invest in a good router: Routers have built-in firewalls which protect against malicious traffic, as well as network monitoring tools which allow you to identify suspicious activity.

• Educate yourself: The internet is a powerful tool and knowledge is your best defense against viruses and worms. Make an effort to stay up to date with the latest developments in cybersecurity.

Conclusion

Viruses and worms are two of the most common types of malicious software, and each poses a unique threat to a computer system. It is essential to take steps to protect your computer system from these digital threats, such as keeping your applications and Operating System up to date, running a good antivirus or antimalware program, and practicing safe internet habits. By following these steps, you can greatly reduce the threat of viruses and worms.