The Human Skeletal System: Structure and Function
by Yuvi K - December 16, 2023
Introduction to the Human Skeletal System
The human skeletal system is a complex structure consisting of 206 bones, ligaments, and tendons that permit the body to move, protect vital organs, and provide bodily support. Bones work together with muscles to form the body’s frame, allowing us to stand upright and perform everyday activities. Without a properly functioning skeletal system, life would not be possible.
Structure of the Human Skeletal System
The adult human skeleton consists of 206 bones that can be divided into two distinct parts. The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones and runs down the center of the body. It has three main structures: the skull, the vertebral column, and the thoracic cage, which includes the rib cage. The skull is made up of bones that form the face and head. The vertebral column is made up of 26 bones that are divided into five sections and include the cervical (गर्दन), thoracic (छात्राओं), lumbar (कट्टरपंथी), sacral (यज्ञस्वामी), and coccygeal (कक्सीज़) regions. The rib cage is composed of 12 pairs of ribs and the sternum (छठी).
The appendicular skeleton consists of 126 bones located beyond the axial skeleton. It has two main sections: the pectoral (पेशाबी) girdle, which is composed of four bones, and the pelvic (योग्य) girdle, which includes five bones. Connected to the girdles are the upper and lower extremities, which include the shoulder blades, upper arms, forearms, hands, upper legs, lower legs, and feet.
Function of the Human Skeletal System
The skeletal system serves several important functions. It provides the framework of the body, allowing us to stand in an upright position. This also gives the body the strength that it needs to perform physical activities such as reaching and grasping objects.
The bones of the skeletal system also provide protection for vital organs, such as the brain, spinal cord, and heart. Additionally, some bones, such as those in the rib cage, enclose the lungs and other organs to provide them with protection from physical harm.
The bones of the human skeletal system also store minerals, such as calcium and phosphorus, and fat reserves. This provides the body with a source of energy and nutrition when needed.
Bones are linked together by tough, flexible bands of tissue called ligaments. Muscles are attached to bones via tendons, enabling the body to move. Cartilage is present at the end of the bones to help reduce friction between them and provide the body with some shock absorption.
Conclusion
The human skeletal system is a complex structure that provides us with the strength and mobility that are essential for life. Its bones and ligaments protect the body’s vital organs, provide a framework to move, and store minerals and fat reserves. It’s essential to look after our bodies and keep our skeletal system healthy and functioning optimally.
